Campaña antitabaco en uruguay: impacto en la decisión de dejar de fumar durante el embarazo y en el peso al nacer

Harris, Jeffrey E.; Balsa, Ana Inés; Triunfo, Patricia

dc.rights.license	Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional	*
dc.contributor.author	Harris, Jeffrey E.
dc.contributor.author	Balsa, Ana Inés
dc.contributor.author	Triunfo, Patricia
dc.date.accessioned	2022-04-20T20:33:05Z
dc.date.available	2022-04-20T20:33:05Z
dc.date.issued	2014	es
dc.identifier.uri	https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12806/1337
dc.description.abstract	Background. In 2005, Uruguay instituted a nationwide tobacco control campaign that has resulted in a substantial decline in nationwide smoking rates. We sought to determine the quantitative contributions of each of the major tobacco control measures adopted by the Uruguayan government. We focused sharply on smoking cessation by pregnant women and on the effect of quitting smoking during pregnancy on birth weight. Data. We analyzed a nationwide registry of all pregnancies in Uruguay during 2007–2012, supplemented by data on cigarette prices and various governmental policies. Methods. We estimated linear probability models of quitting smoking in the third trimester as well as linear models of the effect of quitting on birth weight. Our explanatory variables included maternal characteristics, provider-level and national-level policy interventions, and real price. In our models of quitting smoking, we used taxes as an instrument to address price endogeneity. In our models of birth weight, we used tobacco control policies as instruments to address the endogeneity of smoking cessation. Results. During 2007–2012, the proportion of pregnant women who had quit smoking by their third trimester increased markedly from 15 to 42 percent. Each of the major non-price tobacco control measures – including programs to treat nicotine dependence at health centers, banning of advertising nationwide, rotating warnings with pictograms on each pack, restriction of brands to a single presentation, and an increase in the size of pictograms to 80% of the front and back of each pack – was separately associated with a significant increase in the rate of quitting. During 2007–2009, tobacco manufacturers responded to tax increases and non-price policies by moderating their pretax prices. Quitting smoking by the third trimester increased birth weight by an estimated 163 grams. Conclusion. Uruguay’s nationwide tobacco control campaign led to a substantial increase in the likelihood that a pregnant smoker would quit by her third trimester. Each of the major tobacco control measures adopted by the government had a measurable impact on the rate of quitting and thus on neonatal health.	es
dc.format.extent	73 p.	es
dc.format.mimetype	application/pdf	es
dc.language	eng	es
dc.publisher	Universidad de Montevideo, Facultad de Ciencias Empresariales y Economía, Departamento de Economía	es
dc.relation.ispartof	Documentos de trabajo del Departamento de Economía; UM_CEE_2014_01	es
dc.rights	Abierto	es
dc.rights.uri	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/	*
dc.subject	Eevaluation	es
dc.subject	Cigarette taxes	es
dc.subject	Package warnings	es
dc.subject	Aadvertising bans	es
dc.subject	Tobacco control	es
dc.subject	Pregnancy	es
dc.subject	Birth weight	es
dc.title	Campaña antitabaco en uruguay: impacto en la decisión de dejar de fumar durante el embarazo y en el peso al nacer	es
dc.type	Documento de trabajo	es
dc.contributor.filiacion	Harris, Jeffrey E. Massachusetts Institute of Technology	es
dc.contributor.filiacion	Balsa, Ana Inés. Universidad de Montevideo, Uruguay	es
dc.contributor.filiacion	Triunfo, Patricia. Universidad de la República, Uruguay	es
dc.type.version	Publicada	es